Hip Dysplasia in Dogs
Osteoarthritis, Hip Pain and Joint Deterioration
Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is the result of abnormal development of the hip causing uneven wear of the hip joint, socket and cartilage. Eventually, this medical condition will lead to the development of arthritis--commonly called osteoarthritis (OA) and lead to the deterioration of the joint.
The hip is a ball and socket joint fit together with tendons, ligaments and cartilage allowing for fluid movement of the hip and leg. Abnormal development of the joint begins during the growth phase (the first year) of a dog’s life. Symptoms can appear as early as 5 months of age, and certain factors can increase the risk of developing this disorder. This condition is degenerative, and should not be left untreated; otherwise severe pain, lameness and debilitation can result.
Increased Vulnerability to CHD
Certain factors increase the probability a dog will develop hip dysplasia. These factors include:
- Genetic Disposition - This medical condition is the result of a genetic disorder. If one or both parents carry the gene for CHD, the probability any offspring developing the same condition is greatly increased. Individuals looking to purchase a puppy from a breeder should inquire about the medical history of both parents.
- Breed Size - Large breed dogs are at increased risk of developing hip dysplasia, medium breeds are at slight risk, and small dogs have virtually no risk. This disorder most commonly impacts the health of the German Shepherd, St. Bernard, Labrador Retriever, Pointers and Setters. Medium and small dogs can develop CHD as well, but this condition can develop even with decreased vulnerability.
- Purebred versus Mixed Breed - Purebred dogs are at increased risk for developing this condition. Inquire about genetic history and breeding practices before purchasing a dog from a breeder. Mixed breed dogs are at decreased risk, but should be monitored--especially if they are a large breed dog.
- Excess Weight - Regardless of breed or size, any dog carrying excess weight can increase the probability of the development of CHD and other medical problems due to increased stress on the joints and other internal organs.
Symptoms
Depending on the severity and speed on onset, symptoms of hip dysplasia can vary. Common signs of this disorder include limping, difficulty getting up, discomfort, pain and changes in gait. Gait changes will increase in visibility when a dog is running through indications of pain, favoring, lameness or development of a “bunny hop” run in an attempt to avoid discomfort.
A veterinarian should check the condition of the hips during yearly examinations, especially if a dog is at increased risk. Discovering this disorder in the early stages is vital to a dog’s health and successful treatment.
Diagnosis
Canine hip dysplasia can be diagnosed through an x-ray performed by a veterinarian during an exam. A mild anesthetic may be needed to obtain the clearest image possible. Any degenerative changes or abnormal shape of the hip joint will be visible and the degree of severity determined. Also, this could reveal an alternative cause for the symptoms such as fractures, tumors or back problems.
Treatment
Pet owners can provide both non-medical and medical treatment of CHD depending on the severity of the disorder. Non-medical treatments include weight management, moderate exercise, providing a warm sleeping area to avoid joint stiffness and gentle massage of the joint area. Medical treatments provided by a veterinarian can include the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s), Glucosamine, Vitamin C or injections. Surgery may be recommended if the dog is younger or in severe cases.
Large Breed Dogs are at Increased Risk for CHD
|
What do you think about this article?
Latest Articles